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methodsAn LC/MS/MS technique for steady isotope dilution studies of -carotene bioavailability, bioconversion, and vitamin A status in humansAnthony Oxley,* Philip Berry, Gordon A. Taylor, Joseph Cowell,?Michael J. Hall,?John Hesketh,** Georg Lietz,1,* and Alan V. BoddyHuman Nutrition Investigation Centre,* Northern Institute for Cancer Analysis, School of Chemistry,?and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences,** Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UKAbstract Isotope dilution is currently the most correct technique in humans to determine vitamin A status and bioavailability/bioconversion of provitamin A carotenoids for example -carotene. Nevertheless, limits of MS detection, coupled with comprehensive isolation procedures, have hindered investigations of physiologically-relevant doses of steady isotopes in huge intervention trials. Here, a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analytical process was developed to study the plasma response 13 from coadministered oral doses of two mg [ C10] -carotene 13 and 1 mg [ C10]retinyl acetate in human subjects over a 2 week period. A reverse phase C18 column and binary mobile phase solvent technique separated -carotene, retinol, retinyl acetate, retinyl linoleate, retinyl palmitate/retinyl oleate, and retinyl stearate inside a 7 min run time. Selected reaction monitoring of analytes was performed under atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in good mode at m/z 537321 12 12 and m/z 26993 for respective [ C] -carotene and [ C] 13 retinoids; m/z 547330 and m/z 27498 for [ C10] -carotene 13 and [.